reth_seismic_evm/

lib.rs

//! EVM config for vanilla seismic.

#![doc(
    html_logo_url = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paradigmxyz/reth/main/assets/reth-docs.png",
    html_favicon_url = "https://avatars0.githubusercontent.com/u/97369466?s=256",
    issue_tracker_base_url = "https://github.com/SeismicSystems/seismic-reth/issues/"
)]
#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg, doc_auto_cfg))]
#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]

extern crate alloc;

use alloc::{borrow::Cow, sync::Arc};
use alloy_consensus::{BlockHeader, Header};
use alloy_eips::eip1559::INITIAL_BASE_FEE;
use alloy_evm::eth::EthBlockExecutionCtx;
use alloy_primitives::{Bytes, U256};
use build::SeismicBlockAssembler;
use core::fmt::Debug;
use reth_chainspec::{ChainSpec, EthChainSpec};
use reth_ethereum_forks::EthereumHardfork;
use reth_evm::{ConfigureEvm, EvmEnv, NextBlockEnvAttributes};
use reth_primitives_traits::{SealedBlock, SealedHeader};
use reth_seismic_primitives::{SeismicBlock, SeismicPrimitives};
use revm::{
    context::{BlockEnv, CfgEnv},
    context_interface::block::BlobExcessGasAndPrice,
};
use seismic_enclave::rpc::SyncEnclaveApiClientBuilder;
use seismic_revm::SeismicSpecId;
use std::convert::Infallible;

mod receipts;
pub use receipts::*;
mod build;

pub mod config;
use config::revm_spec;

pub use alloy_seismic_evm::{block::SeismicBlockExecutorFactory, SeismicEvm, SeismicEvmFactory};

/// Seismic EVM configuration.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct SeismicEvmConfig<CB>
where
    CB: SyncEnclaveApiClientBuilder,
{
    /// Inner [`SeismicBlockExecutorFactory`].
    pub executor_factory: SeismicBlockExecutorFactory<
        CB,
        SeismicRethReceiptBuilder,
        Arc<ChainSpec>,
        SeismicEvmFactory<CB>,
    >,
    /// Seismic block assembler.
    pub block_assembler: SeismicBlockAssembler<ChainSpec>,
}

impl<CB> SeismicEvmConfig<CB>
where
    CB: SyncEnclaveApiClientBuilder,
{
    /// Creates a new Ethereum EVM configuration with the given chain spec and EVM factory.
    pub fn seismic(chain_spec: Arc<ChainSpec>, enclave_client: CB) -> Self {
        SeismicEvmConfig::new_with_evm_factory(
            chain_spec,
            SeismicEvmFactory::<CB>::new(enclave_client.clone()),
            enclave_client,
        )
    }
}

impl<CB> SeismicEvmConfig<CB>
where
    CB: SyncEnclaveApiClientBuilder,
{
    /// Creates a new Seismic EVM configuration with the given chain spec.
    pub fn new(chain_spec: Arc<ChainSpec>, enclave_client: CB) -> Self {
        Self::seismic(chain_spec, enclave_client)
    }

    /// Creates a new Ethereum EVM configuration with the given chain spec and EVM factory.
    pub fn new_with_evm_factory(
        chain_spec: Arc<ChainSpec>,
        evm_factory: SeismicEvmFactory<CB>,
        client_builder: CB,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            block_assembler: SeismicBlockAssembler::new(chain_spec.clone()),
            executor_factory: SeismicBlockExecutorFactory::new(
                SeismicRethReceiptBuilder::default(),
                chain_spec,
                evm_factory,
                client_builder,
            ),
        }
    }

    /// Returns the chain spec associated with this configuration.
    pub const fn chain_spec(&self) -> &Arc<ChainSpec> {
        self.executor_factory.spec()
    }

    /// Sets the extra data for the block assembler.
    pub fn with_extra_data(mut self, extra_data: Bytes) -> Self {
        self.block_assembler.extra_data = extra_data;
        self
    }
}

impl<CB> ConfigureEvm for SeismicEvmConfig<CB>
where
    CB: SyncEnclaveApiClientBuilder + 'static,
{
    type Primitives = SeismicPrimitives;
    type Error = Infallible;
    type NextBlockEnvCtx = NextBlockEnvAttributes;
    type BlockExecutorFactory = SeismicBlockExecutorFactory<
        CB,
        SeismicRethReceiptBuilder,
        Arc<ChainSpec>,
        SeismicEvmFactory<CB>,
    >;
    type BlockAssembler = SeismicBlockAssembler<ChainSpec>;

    fn block_executor_factory(&self) -> &Self::BlockExecutorFactory {
        &self.executor_factory
    }

    fn block_assembler(&self) -> &Self::BlockAssembler {
        &self.block_assembler
    }

    fn evm_env(&self, header: &Header) -> EvmEnv<SeismicSpecId> {
        // TODO: use the correct spec id
        let spec = SeismicSpecId::MERCURY;

        // configure evm env based on parent block
        let cfg_env = CfgEnv::new().with_chain_id(self.chain_spec().chain().id()).with_spec(spec);

        let block_env = BlockEnv {
            number: header.number(),
            beneficiary: header.beneficiary(),
            timestamp: header.timestamp(),
            difficulty: U256::ZERO,
            prevrandao: header.mix_hash(), /* Seismic genesis spec (Mercury) starts after Paris,
                                            * so we always use header.mix_hash() */
            gas_limit: header.gas_limit(),
            basefee: header.base_fee_per_gas().unwrap_or_default(),
            // EIP-4844 excess blob gas of this block, introduced in Cancun
            blob_excess_gas_and_price: header
                .excess_blob_gas
                .map(|excess_blob_gas| BlobExcessGasAndPrice::new(excess_blob_gas, true)),
        };

        EvmEnv { cfg_env, block_env }
    }

    fn next_evm_env(
        &self,
        parent: &Header,
        attributes: &NextBlockEnvAttributes,
    ) -> Result<EvmEnv<SeismicSpecId>, Self::Error> {
        let spec_id = revm_spec(self.chain_spec(), parent);

        // configure evm env based on parent block
        let cfg = CfgEnv::new().with_chain_id(self.chain_spec().chain().id()).with_spec(spec_id);

        // if the parent block did not have excess blob gas (i.e. it was pre-cancun), but it is
        // cancun now, we need to set the excess blob gas to the default value(0)
        let blob_excess_gas_and_price = parent
            .maybe_next_block_excess_blob_gas(
                self.chain_spec().blob_params_at_timestamp(attributes.timestamp),
            )
            .map(|gas| BlobExcessGasAndPrice::new(gas, spec_id >= SeismicSpecId::MERCURY));

        let mut basefee = parent.next_block_base_fee(
            self.chain_spec().base_fee_params_at_timestamp(attributes.timestamp),
        );

        let mut gas_limit = attributes.gas_limit;

        // If we are on the London fork boundary, we need to multiply the parent's gas limit by the
        // elasticity multiplier to get the new gas limit.
        if self.chain_spec().fork(EthereumHardfork::London).transitions_at_block(parent.number + 1)
        {
            let elasticity_multiplier = self
                .chain_spec()
                .base_fee_params_at_timestamp(attributes.timestamp)
                .elasticity_multiplier;

            // multiply the gas limit by the elasticity multiplier
            gas_limit *= elasticity_multiplier as u64;

            // set the base fee to the initial base fee from the EIP-1559 spec
            basefee = Some(INITIAL_BASE_FEE)
        }

        let block_env = BlockEnv {
            number: parent.number + 1,
            beneficiary: attributes.suggested_fee_recipient,
            timestamp: attributes.timestamp,
            difficulty: U256::ZERO,
            prevrandao: Some(attributes.prev_randao),
            gas_limit,
            // calculate basefee based on parent block's gas usage
            basefee: basefee.unwrap_or_default(),
            // calculate excess gas based on parent block's blob gas usage
            blob_excess_gas_and_price,
        };

        Ok((cfg, block_env).into())
    }

    fn context_for_block<'a>(
        &self,
        block: &'a SealedBlock<SeismicBlock>,
    ) -> EthBlockExecutionCtx<'a> {
        EthBlockExecutionCtx {
            parent_hash: block.header().parent_hash,
            parent_beacon_block_root: block.header().parent_beacon_block_root,
            ommers: &block.body().ommers,
            withdrawals: block.body().withdrawals.as_ref().map(Cow::Borrowed),
        }
    }

    fn context_for_next_block(
        &self,
        parent: &SealedHeader,
        attributes: Self::NextBlockEnvCtx,
    ) -> EthBlockExecutionCtx<'_> {
        EthBlockExecutionCtx {
            parent_hash: parent.hash(),
            parent_beacon_block_root: attributes.parent_beacon_block_root,
            ommers: &[],
            withdrawals: attributes.withdrawals.map(Cow::Owned),
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use alloy_consensus::{Header, Receipt};
    use alloy_eips::eip7685::Requests;
    use alloy_evm::Evm;
    use alloy_genesis::Genesis;
    use alloy_primitives::{bytes, map::HashMap, Address, LogData, B256};
    use reth_chainspec::ChainSpec;
    use reth_evm::execute::ProviderError;
    use reth_execution_types::{
        AccountRevertInit, BundleStateInit, Chain, ExecutionOutcome, RevertsInit,
    };
    use reth_primitives_traits::{Account, RecoveredBlock};
    use reth_seismic_chainspec::SEISMIC_MAINNET;
    use reth_seismic_primitives::{SeismicBlock, SeismicPrimitives, SeismicReceipt};
    use revm::{
        database::{BundleState, CacheDB},
        database_interface::EmptyDBTyped,
        handler::PrecompileProvider,
        inspector::NoOpInspector,
        precompile::u64_to_address,
        primitives::Log,
        state::AccountInfo,
    };
    use seismic_enclave::MockEnclaveClientBuilder;
    use std::sync::Arc;

    fn test_evm_config() -> SeismicEvmConfig<MockEnclaveClientBuilder> {
        SeismicEvmConfig::seismic(SEISMIC_MAINNET.clone(), MockEnclaveClientBuilder::new())
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_fill_cfg_and_block_env() {
        // Create a default header
        let header = Header::default();

        // Build the ChainSpec for Ethereum mainnet, activating London, Paris, and Shanghai
        // hardforks
        let chain_spec = ChainSpec::builder()
            .chain(0.into())
            .genesis(Genesis::default())
            .london_activated()
            .paris_activated()
            .shanghai_activated()
            .build();

        // Use the `SeismicEvmConfig` to create the `cfg_env` and `block_env` based on the
        // ChainSpec, Header, and total difficulty
        let EvmEnv { cfg_env, .. } = SeismicEvmConfig::seismic(
            Arc::new(chain_spec.clone()),
            MockEnclaveClientBuilder::new(),
        )
        .evm_env(&header);

        // Assert that the chain ID in the `cfg_env` is correctly set to the chain ID of the
        // ChainSpec
        assert_eq!(cfg_env.chain_id, chain_spec.chain().id());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_seismic_evm_with_env_default_spec() {
        // Setup the EVM with test config and environment
        let evm_config = test_evm_config(); // Provides SeismicEvm config with Seismic mainnet spec
        let db = CacheDB::<EmptyDBTyped<ProviderError>>::default();
        let evm_env = EvmEnv::default();
        let evm: SeismicEvm<_, NoOpInspector> = evm_config.evm_with_env(db, evm_env.clone());
        let precompiles = evm.precompiles().clone();

        // Check that the EVM environment is correctly set
        assert_eq!(evm.cfg, evm_env.cfg_env);
        assert_eq!(evm.cfg.spec, SeismicSpecId::MERCURY);

        // Check that the expected number of precompiles is set
        let precompile_addresses =
            [u64_to_address(101), u64_to_address(102), u64_to_address(103), u64_to_address(104)];
        for &addr in &precompile_addresses {
            let is_contained = precompiles.contains(&addr);
            assert!(
                is_contained,
                "Expected Precompile at address for RETH evm generation {addr:?}"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_evm_with_env_custom_cfg() {
        let evm_config = test_evm_config();

        let db = CacheDB::<EmptyDBTyped<ProviderError>>::default();

        // Create a custom configuration environment with a chain ID of 111
        let cfg = CfgEnv::new().with_chain_id(111).with_spec(SeismicSpecId::default());

        let evm_env = EvmEnv { cfg_env: cfg.clone(), ..Default::default() };

        let evm = evm_config.evm_with_env(db, evm_env);

        // Check that the EVM environment is initialized with the custom environment
        assert_eq!(evm.cfg, cfg);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_evm_with_env_custom_block_and_tx() {
        let evm_config = test_evm_config();

        let db = CacheDB::<EmptyDBTyped<ProviderError>>::default();

        // Create customs block and tx env
        let block =
            BlockEnv { basefee: 1000, gas_limit: 10_000_000, number: 42, ..Default::default() };

        let evm_env = EvmEnv { block_env: block, ..Default::default() };

        let evm = evm_config.evm_with_env(db, evm_env.clone());

        // Verify that the block and transaction environments are set correctly
        assert_eq!(evm.block, evm_env.block_env);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_evm_with_spec_id() {
        let evm_config = test_evm_config();

        let db = CacheDB::<EmptyDBTyped<ProviderError>>::default();

        let evm_env = EvmEnv {
            cfg_env: CfgEnv::new().with_spec(SeismicSpecId::MERCURY),
            ..Default::default()
        };

        let evm = evm_config.evm_with_env(db, evm_env.clone());

        assert_eq!(evm.cfg, evm_env.cfg_env);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_evm_with_env_and_default_inspector() {
        let evm_config = test_evm_config();
        let db = CacheDB::<EmptyDBTyped<ProviderError>>::default();

        let evm_env = EvmEnv { cfg_env: Default::default(), ..Default::default() };

        let evm = evm_config.evm_with_env_and_inspector(db, evm_env.clone(), NoOpInspector {});

        // Check that the EVM environment is set to default values
        assert_eq!(*evm.block(), evm_env.block_env);
        assert_eq!(evm.cfg, evm_env.cfg_env);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_evm_with_env_inspector_and_custom_cfg() {
        let evm_config = test_evm_config();
        let db = CacheDB::<EmptyDBTyped<ProviderError>>::default();

        let cfg = CfgEnv::new().with_chain_id(111).with_spec(SeismicSpecId::MERCURY);
        let block = BlockEnv::default();
        let evm_env = EvmEnv { block_env: block, cfg_env: cfg.clone() };

        let evm = evm_config.evm_with_env_and_inspector(db, evm_env.clone(), NoOpInspector {});

        // Check that the EVM environment is set with custom configuration
        assert_eq!(evm.cfg, cfg);
        assert_eq!(evm.block, evm_env.block_env);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_evm_with_env_inspector_and_custom_block_tx() {
        let evm_config = test_evm_config();
        let db = CacheDB::<EmptyDBTyped<ProviderError>>::default();

        // Create custom block and tx environment
        let block =
            BlockEnv { basefee: 1000, gas_limit: 10_000_000, number: 42, ..Default::default() };
        let evm_env = EvmEnv { block_env: block, ..Default::default() };

        let evm = evm_config.evm_with_env_and_inspector(db, evm_env.clone(), NoOpInspector {});

        // Verify that the block and transaction environments are set correctly
        assert_eq!(evm.block, evm_env.block_env);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_evm_with_env_inspector_and_spec_id() {
        let evm_config = test_evm_config();
        let db = CacheDB::<EmptyDBTyped<ProviderError>>::default();

        let evm_env = EvmEnv {
            cfg_env: CfgEnv::new().with_spec(SeismicSpecId::MERCURY),
            ..Default::default()
        };

        let evm = evm_config.evm_with_env_and_inspector(db, evm_env.clone(), NoOpInspector {});

        // Check that the spec ID is set properly
        assert_eq!(evm.cfg, evm_env.cfg_env);
        assert_eq!(evm.block, evm_env.block_env);
    }

    #[test]
    fn receipts_by_block_hash() {
        // Create a default recovered block
        let block: RecoveredBlock<SeismicBlock> = Default::default();

        // Define block hashes for block1 and block2
        let block1_hash = B256::new([0x01; 32]);
        let block2_hash = B256::new([0x02; 32]);

        // Clone the default block into block1 and block2
        let mut block1 = block.clone();
        let mut block2 = block;

        // Set the hashes of block1 and block2
        block1.set_block_number(10);
        block1.set_hash(block1_hash);

        block2.set_block_number(11);
        block2.set_hash(block2_hash);

        // Create a random receipt object, receipt1
        let receipt1 = SeismicReceipt::Legacy(Receipt {
            cumulative_gas_used: 46913,
            logs: vec![],
            status: true.into(),
        });

        // Create another random receipt object, receipt2
        let receipt2 = SeismicReceipt::Legacy(Receipt {
            cumulative_gas_used: 1325345,
            logs: vec![],
            status: true.into(),
        });

        // Create a Receipts object with a vector of receipt vectors
        let receipts = vec![vec![receipt1.clone()], vec![receipt2]];

        // Create an ExecutionOutcome object with the created bundle, receipts, an empty requests
        // vector, and first_block set to 10
        let execution_outcome = ExecutionOutcome::<SeismicReceipt> {
            bundle: Default::default(),
            receipts,
            requests: vec![],
            first_block: 10,
        };

        // Create a Chain object with a BTreeMap of blocks mapped to their block numbers,
        // including block1_hash and block2_hash, and the execution_outcome
        let chain: Chain<SeismicPrimitives> =
            Chain::new([block1, block2], execution_outcome.clone(), None);

        // Assert that the proper receipt vector is returned for block1_hash
        assert_eq!(chain.receipts_by_block_hash(block1_hash), Some(vec![&receipt1]));

        // Create an ExecutionOutcome object with a single receipt vector containing receipt1
        let execution_outcome1 = ExecutionOutcome {
            bundle: Default::default(),
            receipts: vec![vec![receipt1]],
            requests: vec![],
            first_block: 10,
        };

        // Assert that the execution outcome at the first block contains only the first receipt
        assert_eq!(chain.execution_outcome_at_block(10), Some(execution_outcome1));

        // Assert that the execution outcome at the tip block contains the whole execution outcome
        assert_eq!(chain.execution_outcome_at_block(11), Some(execution_outcome));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_initialisation() {
        // Create a new BundleState object with initial data
        let bundle = BundleState::new(
            vec![(Address::new([2; 20]), None, Some(AccountInfo::default()), HashMap::default())],
            vec![vec![(Address::new([2; 20]), None, vec![])]],
            vec![],
        );

        // Create a Receipts object with a vector of receipt vectors
        let receipts = vec![vec![Some(SeismicReceipt::Legacy(Receipt {
            cumulative_gas_used: 46913,
            logs: vec![],
            status: true.into(),
        }))]];

        // Create a Requests object with a vector of requests
        let requests = vec![Requests::new(vec![bytes!("dead"), bytes!("beef"), bytes!("beebee")])];

        // Define the first block number
        let first_block = 123;

        // Create a ExecutionOutcome object with the created bundle, receipts, requests, and
        // first_block
        let exec_res = ExecutionOutcome {
            bundle: bundle.clone(),
            receipts: receipts.clone(),
            requests: requests.clone(),
            first_block,
        };

        // Assert that creating a new ExecutionOutcome using the constructor matches exec_res
        assert_eq!(
            ExecutionOutcome::new(bundle, receipts.clone(), first_block, requests.clone()),
            exec_res
        );

        // Create a BundleStateInit object and insert initial data
        let mut state_init: BundleStateInit = HashMap::default();
        state_init
            .insert(Address::new([2; 20]), (None, Some(Account::default()), HashMap::default()));

        // Create a HashMap for account reverts and insert initial data
        let mut revert_inner: HashMap<Address, AccountRevertInit> = HashMap::default();
        revert_inner.insert(Address::new([2; 20]), (None, vec![]));

        // Create a RevertsInit object and insert the revert_inner data
        let mut revert_init: RevertsInit = HashMap::default();
        revert_init.insert(123, revert_inner);

        // Assert that creating a new ExecutionOutcome using the new_init method matches
        // exec_res
        assert_eq!(
            ExecutionOutcome::new_init(
                state_init,
                revert_init,
                vec![],
                receipts,
                first_block,
                requests,
            ),
            exec_res
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_block_number_to_index() {
        // Create a Receipts object with a vector of receipt vectors
        let receipts = vec![vec![Some(SeismicReceipt::Legacy(Receipt {
            cumulative_gas_used: 46913,
            logs: vec![],
            status: true.into(),
        }))]];

        // Define the first block number
        let first_block = 123;

        // Create a ExecutionOutcome object with the created bundle, receipts, requests, and
        // first_block
        let exec_res = ExecutionOutcome {
            bundle: Default::default(),
            receipts,
            requests: vec![],
            first_block,
        };

        // Test before the first block
        assert_eq!(exec_res.block_number_to_index(12), None);

        // Test after after the first block but index larger than receipts length
        assert_eq!(exec_res.block_number_to_index(133), None);

        // Test after the first block
        assert_eq!(exec_res.block_number_to_index(123), Some(0));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_get_logs() {
        // Create a Receipts object with a vector of receipt vectors
        let receipts = vec![vec![SeismicReceipt::Legacy(Receipt {
            cumulative_gas_used: 46913,
            logs: vec![Log::<LogData>::default()],
            status: true.into(),
        })]];

        // Define the first block number
        let first_block = 123;

        // Create a ExecutionOutcome object with the created bundle, receipts, requests, and
        // first_block
        let exec_res = ExecutionOutcome {
            bundle: Default::default(),
            receipts,
            requests: vec![],
            first_block,
        };

        // Get logs for block number 123
        let logs: Vec<&Log> = exec_res.logs(123).unwrap().collect();

        // Assert that the logs match the expected logs
        assert_eq!(logs, vec![&Log::<LogData>::default()]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_receipts_by_block() {
        // Create a Receipts object with a vector of receipt vectors
        let receipts = vec![vec![Some(SeismicReceipt::Legacy(Receipt {
            cumulative_gas_used: 46913,
            logs: vec![Log::<LogData>::default()],
            status: true.into(),
        }))]];

        // Define the first block number
        let first_block = 123;

        // Create a ExecutionOutcome object with the created bundle, receipts, requests, and
        // first_block
        let exec_res = ExecutionOutcome {
            bundle: Default::default(), // Default value for bundle
            receipts,                   // Include the created receipts
            requests: vec![],           // Empty vector for requests
            first_block,                // Set the first block number
        };

        // Get receipts for block number 123 and convert the result into a vector
        let receipts_by_block: Vec<_> = exec_res.receipts_by_block(123).iter().collect();

        // Assert that the receipts for block number 123 match the expected receipts
        assert_eq!(
            receipts_by_block,
            vec![&Some(SeismicReceipt::Legacy(Receipt {
                cumulative_gas_used: 46913,
                logs: vec![Log::<LogData>::default()],
                status: true.into(),
            }))]
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_receipts_len() {
        // Create a Receipts object with a vector of receipt vectors
        let receipts = vec![vec![Some(SeismicReceipt::Legacy(Receipt {
            cumulative_gas_used: 46913,
            logs: vec![Log::<LogData>::default()],
            status: true.into(),
        }))]];

        // Create an empty Receipts object
        let receipts_empty = vec![];

        // Define the first block number
        let first_block = 123;

        // Create a ExecutionOutcome object with the created bundle, receipts, requests, and
        // first_block
        let exec_res = ExecutionOutcome {
            bundle: Default::default(), // Default value for bundle
            receipts,                   // Include the created receipts
            requests: vec![],           // Empty vector for requests
            first_block,                // Set the first block number
        };

        // Assert that the length of receipts in exec_res is 1
        assert_eq!(exec_res.len(), 1);

        // Assert that exec_res is not empty
        assert!(!exec_res.is_empty());

        // Create a ExecutionOutcome object with an empty Receipts object
        let exec_res_empty_receipts: ExecutionOutcome<SeismicReceipt> = ExecutionOutcome {
            bundle: Default::default(), // Default value for bundle
            receipts: receipts_empty,   // Include the empty receipts
            requests: vec![],           // Empty vector for requests
            first_block,                // Set the first block number
        };

        // Assert that the length of receipts in exec_res_empty_receipts is 0
        assert_eq!(exec_res_empty_receipts.len(), 0);

        // Assert that exec_res_empty_receipts is empty
        assert!(exec_res_empty_receipts.is_empty());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_revert_to() {
        // Create a random receipt object
        let receipt = SeismicReceipt::Legacy(Receipt {
            cumulative_gas_used: 46913,
            logs: vec![],
            status: true.into(),
        });

        // Create a Receipts object with a vector of receipt vectors
        let receipts = vec![vec![Some(receipt.clone())], vec![Some(receipt.clone())]];

        // Define the first block number
        let first_block = 123;

        // Create a request.
        let request = bytes!("deadbeef");

        // Create a vector of Requests containing the request.
        let requests =
            vec![Requests::new(vec![request.clone()]), Requests::new(vec![request.clone()])];

        // Create a ExecutionOutcome object with the created bundle, receipts, requests, and
        // first_block
        let mut exec_res =
            ExecutionOutcome { bundle: Default::default(), receipts, requests, first_block };

        // Assert that the revert_to method returns true when reverting to the initial block number.
        assert!(exec_res.revert_to(123));

        // Assert that the receipts are properly cut after reverting to the initial block number.
        assert_eq!(exec_res.receipts, vec![vec![Some(receipt)]]);

        // Assert that the requests are properly cut after reverting to the initial block number.
        assert_eq!(exec_res.requests, vec![Requests::new(vec![request])]);

        // Assert that the revert_to method returns false when attempting to revert to a block
        // number greater than the initial block number.
        assert!(!exec_res.revert_to(133));

        // Assert that the revert_to method returns false when attempting to revert to a block
        // number less than the initial block number.
        assert!(!exec_res.revert_to(10));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_extend_execution_outcome() {
        // Create a Receipt object with specific attributes.
        let receipt = SeismicReceipt::Legacy(Receipt {
            cumulative_gas_used: 46913,
            logs: vec![],
            status: true.into(),
        });

        // Create a Receipts object containing the receipt.
        let receipts = vec![vec![Some(receipt.clone())]];

        // Create a request.
        let request = bytes!("deadbeef");

        // Create a vector of Requests containing the request.
        let requests = vec![Requests::new(vec![request.clone()])];

        // Define the initial block number.
        let first_block = 123;

        // Create an ExecutionOutcome object.
        let mut exec_res =
            ExecutionOutcome { bundle: Default::default(), receipts, requests, first_block };

        // Extend the ExecutionOutcome object by itself.
        exec_res.extend(exec_res.clone());

        // Assert the extended ExecutionOutcome matches the expected outcome.
        assert_eq!(
            exec_res,
            ExecutionOutcome {
                bundle: Default::default(),
                receipts: vec![vec![Some(receipt.clone())], vec![Some(receipt)]],
                requests: vec![Requests::new(vec![request.clone()]), Requests::new(vec![request])],
                first_block: 123,
            }
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_split_at_execution_outcome() {
        // Create a random receipt object
        let receipt = SeismicReceipt::Legacy(Receipt {
            cumulative_gas_used: 46913,
            logs: vec![],
            status: true.into(),
        });

        // Create a Receipts object with a vector of receipt vectors
        let receipts = vec![
            vec![Some(receipt.clone())],
            vec![Some(receipt.clone())],
            vec![Some(receipt.clone())],
        ];

        // Define the first block number
        let first_block = 123;

        // Create a request.
        let request = bytes!("deadbeef");

        // Create a vector of Requests containing the request.
        let requests = vec![
            Requests::new(vec![request.clone()]),
            Requests::new(vec![request.clone()]),
            Requests::new(vec![request.clone()]),
        ];

        // Create a ExecutionOutcome object with the created bundle, receipts, requests, and
        // first_block
        let exec_res =
            ExecutionOutcome { bundle: Default::default(), receipts, requests, first_block };

        // Split the ExecutionOutcome at block number 124
        let result = exec_res.clone().split_at(124);

        // Define the expected lower ExecutionOutcome after splitting
        let lower_execution_outcome = ExecutionOutcome {
            bundle: Default::default(),
            receipts: vec![vec![Some(receipt.clone())]],
            requests: vec![Requests::new(vec![request.clone()])],
            first_block,
        };

        // Define the expected higher ExecutionOutcome after splitting
        let higher_execution_outcome = ExecutionOutcome {
            bundle: Default::default(),
            receipts: vec![vec![Some(receipt.clone())], vec![Some(receipt)]],
            requests: vec![Requests::new(vec![request.clone()]), Requests::new(vec![request])],
            first_block: 124,
        };

        // Assert that the split result matches the expected lower and higher outcomes
        assert_eq!(result.0, Some(lower_execution_outcome));
        assert_eq!(result.1, higher_execution_outcome);

        // Assert that splitting at the first block number returns None for the lower outcome
        assert_eq!(exec_res.clone().split_at(123), (None, exec_res));
    }
}